\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u653f\u7b56\u5c07\u4f7f\u4fdd\u969c\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u300a\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u8005\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Individuals with Disabilities Education Act\uff0cIDEA\uff09\u7684\u554f\u8cac\u5236\u5ea6\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u4f46\u652f\u6301\u8005\u5247\u671f\u5f85\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u5c07\u88ab\u514c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u96a8\u8457\u7f8e\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u7e2e\u7de8\uff0c\u5bb6\u9577\u3001\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u7d1b\u7d1b\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u640d\u53ca\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f71\u97ff\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u7279\u6559\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
\u904e\u53bb\u5169\u500b\u6708\u5167\uff0c\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u9818\u5c0e\u4e0b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5df2\u88c1\u6389\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u66ab\u505c\u806f\u90a6\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u591a\u5143\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u8207\u5305\u5bb9\u8a08\u756b\uff08Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion programs\uff0cDEI programs\uff09\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u88dc\u52a9\uff0c\u4e26\u63a8\u52d5\u79c1\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9031\uff0c\u5ddd\u666e\u7e3d\u7d71\u66f4\u6307\u793a\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9577\u7433\u9054\u00b7\u9ea5\u99ac\u6d2a\uff08Linda McMahon\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u6e96\u5099\u89e3\u6563\u9019\u500b\u5df2\u6709\u8fd145\u5e74\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u3002\u6b64\u8209\u5df2\u5f15\u767c\u5de5\u6703\u3001\u5b78\u5340\u8207\u5021\u8b70\u5718\u9ad4\u63d0\u8d77\u7684\u5169\u8d77\u8a34\u8a1f\uff0c\u4e26\u9700\u570b\u6703\u6279\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9019\u5834\u91cd\u7d44\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u8a08\u5283\u5c07\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u806f\u90a6\u76e3\u7ba1\u8cac\u4efb\u5f9e\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u885b\u751f\u8207\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52d9\u90e8\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u516c\u5e03\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u9805\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u9769\u5c07\u6e1b\u5c11\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u5404\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u64c1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u4e3b\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5ddd\u666e\u57283\u670820\u65e5\u65bc\u767d\u5bae\u7c3d\u7f72\u7e2e\u7de8\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u6642\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c0d\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u8cc7\u52a9\u5c07\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u7559\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5118\u7ba1\u90e8\u5206\u653f\u7b56\u56e0\u6cd5\u9662\u4ecb\u5165\u800c\u88ab\u66ab\u7de9\u6216\u64a4\u92b7\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u96c6\u9ad4\u6027\u8b8a\u9769\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5c07\u9010\u6b65\u8513\u5ef6\u81f3\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5bb6\u9577\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u8207\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u64d4\u6182\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u5c07\u56e0\u6b64\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5dde\u5021\u8b70\u8005Marcie Lipsitt\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u5bb6\u9577\u5011\u5c07\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6bd4\u904e\u53bb60\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u66f4\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u70ba\u554f\u8cac\u5236\u800c\u6230\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u8b77\u5b78\u751f\u6b0a\u5229<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7d93\u5e38\u5411\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6c11\u6b0a\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\uff08Office for Civil Rights\uff0cOCR\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u6b67\u8996\u7533\u8a34\u7684Lipsitt\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u57f7\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bb6\u9577\u5011\u5c07\u66f4\u96e3\u78ba\u4fdd\u73ed\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7279\u6559\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u5426\u63a5\u53d7\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u6cbb\u7642\u6216\u8077\u80fd\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/p>\n \u5979\u64d4\u5fc3\uff0c\u96a8\u8457OCR\u4eba\u529b\u88c1\u6e1b\uff0c\u8655\u7406\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u6b67\u8996\u7533\u8a34\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5c07\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u672c\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5df2\u95dc\u9589\u4e86\u5168\u570b12\u500b\u6c11\u6b0a\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u7576\u4e2d\u76847\u500b\u3002<\/p>\n 3\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08National Center for Youth Law\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u5bb6\u9577\u5f8b\u5e2b\u5354\u6703\u53ca\u5169\u4f4d\u5bb6\u9577\u63d0\u8d77\u806f\u90a6\u8a34\u8a1f\uff0c\u63a7\u544a\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u300c\u653e\u68c4\u8655\u7406\u6c11\u6b0a\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u300d\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6cd5\u9662\u6062\u5fa9OCR\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5bb6\u9577\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u300a\u5fa9\u5065\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c504\u689d\u6216\u300a\u7f8e\u570b\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u8005\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Americans with Disabilities Act\uff0cADA\uff09\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6559\u80b2\u90e8OCR\u63d0\u8d77\u6c11\u6b0a\u7533\u8a34\uff1b\u6216\u6839\u64daIDEA\u63d0\u51fa\u6b63\u7576\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7533\u8a34\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u5411\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f8\u9762\u7533\u8a34\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9055\u53cdIDEA\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u63d0\u51fa\u63a7\u8a34\u3002<\/p>\n \u96d6\u7136\u7533\u8a34\u904e\u7a0b\u8017\u6642\uff0c\u4f46\u5411OCR\u7533\u8a34\u8207\u5dde\u66f8\u9762\u7533\u8a34\u901a\u5e38\u5c0d\u5bb6\u9577\u514d\u8cbb\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u7576\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7533\u8a34\u901a\u5e38\u5247\u9700\u81ea\u8cbb\u8058\u8acb\u5f8b\u5e2b\u3002\u5168\u570b\u6578\u64da\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5dde\u7533\u8a34\u548c\u6b63\u7576\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7533\u8a34\u6848\u4ef6\u6578\u90fd\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n Lipsitt\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457OCR\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5bb6\u9577\u5c07\u66f4\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5dde\u7533\u8a34\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5fc5\u9808\u66f4\u52a0\u596e\u529b\u7dad\u8b77\u81ea\u8eab\u6b0a\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n \u5fb7\u5dde\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u5f8b\u5e2b Jose Mart\u00edn \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fOCR\u904b\u4f5c\u6e1b\u7de9\uff0c\u5dde\u7533\u8a34\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u4e9b\u5dde\u7684\u8655\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u56b4\u683c\u4e14\u5177\u6210\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n \u76e3\u7763\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u5b78\u5340\u7684\u8cac\u4efb<\/strong><\/p>\n \u57282022-23\u5b78\u5e74\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u5360K-12\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u7d0415%\u3002\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u57282024\u8ca1\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e0b\u64a5\u4e86154\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u652f\u63f4\u7d04840\u842c\u540d\u5b30\u5e7c\u5152\u3001\u5b78\u7ae5\u53ca\u5e74\u8f15\u6210\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7b46\u8cc7\u91d1\u50c5\u5360\u6bcf\u4f4d\u5b78\u751f\u7e3d\u652f\u51fa\u7d0410%\uff08\u6bcf\u4eba\u7d041,810\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u96d6\u7136\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u53c3\u8207\u500b\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u5283\uff08Individualized Education Program\uff0cIEP\uff09\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8ca0\u8cac\u64a5\u4ed8\u570b\u6703\u64a5\u6b3e\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u4e26\u900f\u904e\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u8207\u5fa9\u5065\u670d\u52d9\u5c40\uff08Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services\uff0cOSERS\uff09\u8207\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u5283\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\uff08Office of Special Education Programs\uff0cOSEP\uff09\u76e3\u7763\u5dde\u8207\u5b78\u5340\u662f\u5426\u9075\u5b88IDEA\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u6700\u65b0\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u88c1\u54e1\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\uff0cOSEP\u4e26\u7121\u54e1\u5de5\u88ab\u88c1\uff0c\u4f46OSERS\u4e2d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u884c\u653f\u7b49\u91cd\u8907\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u906d\u5230\u88c1\u64a4\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u8207\u554f\u8cac\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f8b\u5e2bMart\u00edn\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u806f\u90a6\u5c64\u7d1a\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5b78\u5340\u6703\u505c\u6b62\u9075\u5b88\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5dde\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u806f\u90a6\u8981\u6c42\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u66f4\u70ba\u56b4\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n \u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u6642\u671f\u7684OSEP\u4e3b\u7ba1Valerie C. Williams\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8a72\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u4e0d\u50c5\u76e3\u7763\u5408\u898f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5354\u52a9\u5dde\u8207\u5b78\u5340\u89e3\u6c7a\u50cf\u662f\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u5e2b\u8cc7\u77ed\u7f3a\u3001\u4fc3\u9032\u878d\u5408\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u806f\u90a6\u4eba\u529b\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u5c07\u524a\u5f31\u5730\u65b9\u5c64\u7d1a\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5979\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73fe\u5f71\u97ff\u53ea\u662f\u6642\u9593\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n \u627f\u8afe\u6559\u80b2\u81ea\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n \u652f\u6301\u95dc\u9589\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u5ea7\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u8ce6\u4e88\u5b78\u6821\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u6216\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n \u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u64f4\u5927\u5bb6\u9577\u5b78\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u6b0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u300d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u7d0d\u7a05\u4eba\u7684\u9322\u4f86\u652f\u4ed8\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u5b78\u8cbb\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8ab2\u5f8c\u8f14\u5c0e\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u7b49\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n \u6839\u64daEdChoice\u672c\u6708\u767c\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u570b\u81f3\u5c11\u6709184,450\u540d\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u8a08\u756b\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u751f\u7d04\u5360\u79c1\u6821\u5c31\u8b80\u4eba\u6578\u768415%\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5927\u81f4\u8207\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n EdChoice\u5168\u570b\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efbMike McShane\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u4e0d\u5fc5\u9075\u5b88\u300a\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u8005\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\uff08IDEA\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u6709\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u770b\u91cd\u6559\u80b2\u652f\u63f4\u4e0a\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u8207\u591a\u5143\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u79c1\u6821\u5c31\u8b80\u3002<\/p>\n McShane\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u5145\u6eff\u8a34\u8a1f\u6027\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u9808\u63d0\u8d77\u6b63\u7576\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7533\u8a34\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b69\u5b50\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u8207\u652f\u6301\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6399\u624e\u8b93\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bb6\u5ead\u9078\u64c7\u653e\u68c4\u5728\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u6240\u64c1\u6709\u7684IDEA\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u6295\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u5b69\u5b50\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u3002<\/p>\n \u300c\u6211\u5011\u807d\u5230\u8a31\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u5f8c\u7e8c\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6050\u5687\u8a00\u8ad6\uff0c\u300dMcShane\u8aaa\u3002\u300c\u4f46\u6578\u4ee5\u842c\u8a08\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\u6b63\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8aaa\uff0c\u300e\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u3002IDEA\u5728\u79c1\u6821\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u516c\u6821\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u300f\u300d<\/p>\n \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u6c11\u6b0a\u7684\u634d\u885b\u8005\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u79c1\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u8a08\u756b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u63a8\u7ffb\u904e\u53bb50\u5e74\u4f86IDEA\u5728\u78ba\u4fdd\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\u516c\u5e73\u63a5\u53d7\u516c\u7acb\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u62db\u6536\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u7d0d\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5bb6\u9577\u5f8b\u5e2b\u5354\u6703\uff08Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates\uff09\u57f7\u884c\u9577Denise Marshall\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8207\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u6c11\u6b0a\u9818\u8896\u7684\u7dda\u4e0a\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c3\u8207\u5b78\u6821\u9078\u64c7\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5b69\u5b50\u6839\u64daIDEA\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u4e0d\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u8f49\u5b78\u5230\u79c1\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u800c\u5ef6\u7e8c\u3002<\/p>\n \u7136\u800c\uff0cMarshall\u4e5f\u8aaa\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5bb6\u5ead\u300c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u653e\u68c4\u7372\u5f97\u806f\u90a6\u8cc7\u91d1\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\uff1a\u300e\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6c11\u6b0a\u3002\u300f\u300d<\/p>\n Marshall\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u5011\u300c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u6703\u7834\u58de\u516c\u7acb\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6216\u900f\u904e\u7f8e\u9214\u6216\u5340\u584a\u64a5\u6b3e\uff08block 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