{"id":18834,"date":"2026-03-09T14:50:47","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T06:50:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/?p=18834"},"modified":"2026-05-06T14:54:05","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T06:54:05","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%9c%8b%e5%a4%96%e6%96%b0%e7%9f%a5%e3%80%91%e7%89%b9%e6%95%99%e6%95%99%e5%ad%b8%e7%9a%84%e9%bb%83%e9%87%91%e6%ba%96%e5%89%87%ef%bc%9a22-%e9%a0%85%e9%ab%98%e6%a7%93%e6%a1%bf%e5%af%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/?p=18834","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u570b\u5916\u65b0\u77e5\u3011\u7279\u6559\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u6e96\u5247\uff1a22 \u9805\u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u5be6\u4f5c (HLPs) \u5168\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9762\u5c0d\u500b\u5225\u5dee\u7570\u6975\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u5011\u5e38\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5c08\u696d\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff1f\u300d\u9019\u7bc7\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300aExceptional Children\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7e3d\u7d50\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u7279\u6559\u754c\u7684\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u8853\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Who<\/strong>\uff1a\u8ab0\u8a72\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u5957\u67b6\u69cb\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9019\u5957 \u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u5be6\u4f5c<\/strong> (High-Leverage Practices, <\/strong>\u7c21\u7a31<\/strong> HLPs)<\/strong> \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u70ba\u7279\u6559\u8001\u5e2b<\/strong>\u91cf\u8eab\u6253\u9020\u7684\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u4f60\u662f\u8cc7\u6df1\u8001\u5e2b\u3001\u521d\u4efb\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u5be6\u7fd2\u7684\u7279\u6559\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u9019 22 \u9805\u5be6\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u5c08\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6307\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n

What<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u5be6\u4f5c\u300d<\/strong>(HLPs)<\/strong>\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300c\u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u300d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u9ad8\u5831\u916c\u7387<\/strong>\u3002\u9019 22 \u9805\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e26\u975e\u7279\u6559\u7684\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u6700\u5177\u8b49\u64da\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u88ab\u6b78\u7d0d\u70ba\u56db\u5927\u9818\u57df\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5c08\u696d\u5354\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u8207\u5bb6\u9577\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u3001\u666e\u6559\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u8a55\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u6578\u64da\u7cbe\u6e96\u638c\u63e1\u5b78\u751f\u8d77\u9ede\u884c\u70ba\u4e26\u8abf\u6574\u6559\u5b78\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u793e\u4ea4<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u60c5\u7dd2<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u884c\u70ba\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u7a69\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u6c1b\u570d\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u4ecb\u5165\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u6838\u5fc3\u6559\u5b78<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u660e\u78ba\u6559\u5b78\u3001\u9df9\u67b6\u652f\u6490\u3001\u8f14\u52a9\u79d1\u6280\u904b\u7528\u7b49\u786c\u5be6\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    When<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u8cab\u7a7f\u6574\u500b\u6559\u5b78\u6b77\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u5f9e\u958b\u5b78\u524d\u7684 IEP \u64b0\u5beb\uff08\u8a55\u91cf\u8207\u5354\u4f5c\uff09\u3001\u8ab2\u5802\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0b\u9054\u8207\u56de\u994b\uff08\u6559\u5b78\uff09\uff0c\u5230\u8655\u7406\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u7a81\u767c\u60c5\u7dd2\u554f\u984c\uff08\u884c\u70ba\u652f\u6301\uff09\uff0cHLPs \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5168\u5929\u5019\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n

    Where<\/strong>\uff1a\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u54ea\u4e9b\u5834\u666f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u9019\u5957\u67b6\u69cb\u5177\u6709\u8de8\u969c\u7919\u985e\u5225<\/strong>\u8207\u8de8\u6559\u5b78\u60c5\u5883<\/strong>\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u7279\u6559\u73ed\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u73ed\u9084\u662f\u5de1\u8ff4\u8f14\u5c0e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5b78\u751f\u662f\u81ea\u9589\u75c7\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u969c\u7919\u6216\u667a\u80fd\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247\u901a\u901a\u9069\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    Why<\/strong>\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u5b83\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u7279\u6559\u6559\u5b78\u4e0d\u61c9\u53ea\u662f\u300c\u6191\u611f\u89ba\u300d\u6216\u300c\u9760\u611b\u5fc3\u300d\u3002HLPs \u8b93\u7279\u6559\u5c08\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff1a\u7576\u8001\u5e2b\u7cbe\u901a\u9019\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u8853\u6642\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u6548\u6703\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u6e1b\u5c11\u8001\u5e2b\u6478\u7d22\u8207\u632b\u6298\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

    How<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c07<\/strong> HLPs <\/strong>\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u73fe\u5834\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\u8457\u624b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u81ea\u6211\u6aa2\u6838<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c07 22 \u9805\u6e05\u55ae\u7576\u4f5c\u6aa2\u6838\u8868\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u843d\u5be6\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f37\u5316\uff1f<\/li>\n
    2. \u7cbe\u9032\u6280\u8853<\/strong>\uff1a\u91dd\u5c0d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u300c\u660e\u78ba\u6559\u5b78 (Explicit Instruction)\u300d\u9032\u884c\u7df4\u7fd2\uff0c\u843d\u5be6\u300c\u8001\u5e2b\u793a\u7bc4 \u2014- \u5f15\u5c0e\u7df4\u7fd2 \u2014- \u7368\u7acb\u64cd\u4f5c\u300d\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u5718\u968a\u5171\u8b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5c08\u696d\u5718\u968a\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528 HLPs \u4f5c\u70ba\u5171\u540c\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u8b93\u6e9d\u901a\u66f4\u7cbe\u6e96\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2<\/strong> 22 <\/strong>\u9805\u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u5be6\u4f5c<\/strong> (HLPs) <\/strong>\u5b8c\u6574\u6e05\u55ae<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u4e00\u3001<\/strong> \u5c08\u696d\u5354\u4f5c<\/strong> (Collaboration)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u8207\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u5354\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u70ba\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u8207\u5404\u9818\u57df\u5c08\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u4e3b\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u6703\u8b70<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e36\u9818\u5bb6\u9577\u8207\u5c08\u696d\u5718\u968a\u9032\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u6703\u8b70\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u8207\u5bb6\u9577\u5efa\u7acb\u5925\u4f34\u95dc\u4fc2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0a\u91cd\u5bb6\u5ead\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u898f\u5283\u6559\u5b78\u8a08\u756b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u4e8c\u3001<\/strong> \u8a55\u91cf<\/strong> (Assessment)<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u8a55\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u7d50\u5408\u6b63\u5f0f\u6e2c\u9a57\u3001\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u89c0\u5bdf\u4f86\u641c\u96c6\u5b78\u751f\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. \u89e3\u8b80\u8a55\u91cf\u6578\u64da<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u751f\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u64da\u6b64\u8abf\u6574\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u756b (IEP)\u3002<\/li>\n
        3. \u5229\u7528\u6578\u64da\u8abf\u6574\u6559\u5b78<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u8207\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u5373\u6642\u4fee\u6b63\u6559\u5b78\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u4e09\u3001<\/strong> \u793e\u4ea4<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u60c5\u7dd2<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u884c\u70ba\u652f\u6301<\/strong> (Social\/Emotional\/Behavioral)<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u5efa\u7acb\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u74b0\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\u898f\u5283\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u4f5c\u606f\u8207\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. \u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u5411\u652f\u6301\u95dc\u4fc2<\/strong>\uff1a\u71df\u9020\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4e92\u4fe1\u4e14\u5177\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6c1b\u570d\u3002<\/li>\n
          3. \u5be6\u65bd\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u8a55\u91cf<\/strong> (FBA)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u884c\u70ba\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u5236\u5b9a\u884c\u70ba\u4ecb\u5165\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n
          4. \u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u9ad4\u3001\u5373\u6642\u7684\u56de\u994b<\/strong>\uff1a\u7d66\u4e88\u5b78\u751f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6307\u5c0e\u8207\u6b63\u5411\u9f13\u52f5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u56db\u3001<\/strong> \u6559\u5b78\u5be6\u4f5c<\/strong> (Instruction)<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u8a2d\u5b9a\u9577\u77ed\u671f\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u73fe\u6cc1\uff0c\u898f\u5283\u5177\u6311\u6230\u6027\u4f46\u53ef\u9054\u6210\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. \u7cfb\u7d71\u5316\u8a2d\u8a08\u6559\u5b78<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c07\u5927\u76ee\u6a19\u5207\u788e\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u6709\u908f\u8f2f\u3001\u6709\u9806\u5e8f\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u3002<\/li>\n
            3. \u9069\u61c9\u6027\u8abf\u6574\u6559\u6750<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u9700\u6c42\u8abf\u6574\u6559\u6750\u96e3\u5ea6\u6216\u5448\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u7c21\u5316\u5167\u5bb9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
            4. \u904b\u7528\u8f14\u52a9\u79d1\u6280<\/strong> (AT)<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9069\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u8a2d\u5099\u8f14\u52a9\u5b78\u751f\u53c3\u8207\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002<\/li>\n
            5. \u904b\u7528\u9df9\u67b6\u652f\u6490<\/strong> (Scaffolding)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u521d\u671f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u91cf\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u96a8\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u9010\u6b65\u64a4\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n
            6. \u660e\u78ba\u6559\u5b78<\/strong> (Explicit Instruction)<\/strong>\uff1a\u900f\u904e\u300c\u6211\u505a\u3001\u6211\u5011\u505a\u3001\u4f60\u505a\u300d\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\u5f15\u5c0e\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002<\/li>\n
            7. \u63d0\u4f9b\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u5206\u7d44<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u5b78\u7fd2\u76ee\u7684\u9032\u884c\u52d5\u614b\u5206\u7d44\u3002<\/li>\n
            8. \u4fc3\u9032\u5b78\u7fd2\u9077\u79fb<\/strong> (Generalization)<\/strong>\uff1a\u6559\u5c0e\u5b78\u751f\u5c07\u6240\u5b78\u6280\u80fd\u904b\u7528\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
            9. \u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u56de\u994b<\/strong>\uff1a\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u8207\u9700\u8981\u6539\u9032\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/li>\n
            10. \u6559\u5c0e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8207\u5f8c\u8a2d\u8a8d\u77e5\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u6559\u5c0e\u5b78\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u8003\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5b78\u7fd2\u8207\u81ea\u6211\u76e3\u63a7\u3002<\/li>\n
            11. \u6311\u9078\u5177\u8b49\u64da\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6559\u6750<\/strong>\uff1a\u512a\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u7d93\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u8b49\u5be6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
            12. \u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u53e3\u8a9e\u8207\u975e\u53e3\u8a9e\u8868\u9054<\/strong>\uff1a\u78ba\u4fdd\u6559\u5b78\u6307\u4ee4\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u7c21\u6f54\u4e14\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u7d50\u8a9e<\/strong>\uff1aHLPs \u8b93\u7279\u6559\u6559\u5b78\u5f9e\u300c\u85dd\u8853\u300d\u8d70\u5411\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u9019 22 \u9805\u9ad8\u69d3\u687f\u5be6\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u66f4\u81ea\u4fe1\u5730\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b69\u5b50\u6490\u8d77\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u9df9\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aHigh-Leverage Practices in Special Education: A Framework for Improving Student Outcomes<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              \u9762\u5c0d\u500b\u5225\u5dee\u7570\u6975\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u5011\u5e38\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5c08\u696d\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff1f\u300d\u9019\u7bc7\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300aExceptio … \u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18834"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18834"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18835,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18834\/revisions\/18835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general.dale.nthu.edu.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}